{"id":2569,"date":"2026-01-02T11:55:18","date_gmt":"2026-01-02T11:55:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/republicpalestine.com\/?p=2569"},"modified":"2026-01-08T10:20:26","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T10:20:26","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/republicpalestine.com\/?p=2569","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645”<\/em><\/strong>(CAMBRIDGE<\/strong> 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629(<\/strong>Merriam-Webster<\/strong> 2025)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627”<\/em><\/strong>(Dictionary.com<\/strong> 2025)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0643\u064a 2005\u060c 39).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1995 – 2015. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 1995 – 2015\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c 17% \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c 18% \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c 21% \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 14% \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c 10% \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 5%\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 3% (<\/strong>PERLIGER<\/strong> 2015).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1881\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1898(<\/strong>Fitzpatrick<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0644\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629(<\/strong>Fitzpatrick<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641” \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627. \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009 \u062d\u062a\u0649 2013\u060c 291 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1299\u060c \u0623\u0648 2264 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631(<\/strong>Masters<\/strong> 2013).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf<\/strong>      \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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–<\/strong>      \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a(<\/strong>Fitzpatrick<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 32 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1933 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a (<\/strong>Mintz<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0643. \u0628\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 44 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0636\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1974 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629(<\/strong>Mintz<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644”<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u062c\u060c 2018 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a 2019 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062e\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646(<\/strong>Adaileh<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u25cf<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 8 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 15 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2024\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2024 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 2024\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 31 \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 2024 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2024\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062f \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).  <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 16 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2024. \u0634\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0644(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 23 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2024\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024). <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 25 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2024 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2024\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 20 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2024\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 3 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2024. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2024 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2024 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 30 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2024. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0648\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 12 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0631(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 3 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0622\u0628 2024. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 5 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0641\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 6 \u0622\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024\u060c \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631  \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 7 \u0622\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0622\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0634\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0622\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024 \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062e\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991. \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0637\u064a. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0637\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 31 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 2023.  \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 126 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0636\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 21 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023. (<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024)<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2024\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649. \u0623\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0641\u064a 31 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2024 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0632\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 4 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023. (<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024)<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 5 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0622\u0628 2024 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a 9 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0622\u0628 2024 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 (<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062c\u062f \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062c\u062f \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 100 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 11 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u064823 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0627\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628 11 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 27 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u060c \u064823 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 30 \u0622\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0622\u0628 2024 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a 7 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0634 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0634 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646(<\/strong>Wilson Center<\/strong> 2024).<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u25cf<\/strong>      \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629. 2006. \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a ” \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629”. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a. 2005. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1952-1967.\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

PERLIGER, ARIE. 2015. The Causes and Impact of Political Assassinations. Combating Terrorism Center.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The Causes and Impact of Political Assassinations<\/a><\/blockquote>